by Saalih Bin Abdulaziz Aal-ish-Sheikh.
1. Leaving the salaah altogether.
This is indeed kufr (disbelief) and the evidence is found within the Quraan the authentic sunnah and the consensus of the ummah.
Allah taaala states: If they repent and establish the salaah and give the zakaah, they are you brothers in faith (deen). [Al-Quraan 9:11]
And Allah taaala says: What landed you in As-Saqar (Hell)? They said: We were not of those who made salaah (al-musalleen)…[Al-Quraan 76:42-43] and so on.
As far as the sunnah: The hadeeth of Jaabir that the Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) said: Between a man and shirk (what protects him from shirk) is the abandonment of salaah. [Muslim]
It is narrated by Abu Dawood, An-Nisaai, Ibn Maajah, and At-Tirmidhi on the authority of Buraidah Ibn Al-Husaib from the Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) who said: The covenant between us and them (i.e. the Prophet – and/or his successors -and those who claim to be Muslims) is the salaah so whosoever abandons it has disbelieved. [ Ahmad and others and it is saheeh]
2. Delaying the salaah from its appointed time.
This is a violation according to the word of Allah taaala: Verily the salaah has been appointed for the believers at specific times (mawqoot). [Al-Quraan 4:103] Al-Mawqoot indicates a specific appointed time and the postponement of sallah beyond the obligatory time (fardh) is a major sin and Allah is the one upon Whom we depend.
On the authority of Anas who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) saying: This is the salaat of the hypocrite (munaafiq); when he sits observing the sun until it is between the horns of Shaitaan, then he stands to perform four (rakah) remembering Allah little. [Muslim]
If this is the salaah of the hypocrite then what of the salaah of someone who postpones the prayer until the complete period of the salaat has passed without any excuse?
3. Abandonment of the congregational prayer in the masjid by able men either regularly or on occasion.
The commandment has been given to perform the salaah in congregation in the masjid. Congregational (al-jamaaah) salaah is a duty except for those who have a valid excuse according to the shariah.
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) said: Whoever hears the call (al-adhaan) and thereafter does not answer it (i.e. attend the congregational salaah) there is no salaah for him except for a valid excuse. [Reported by Ibn Maajah and others with a strong chain (isnaad) and Al-Haafith
Ibn Hajar said “Its chain is according to the conditions of Muslim”].
Allah taaala also says: And bow down with those who bow down. {Al-Quraan 2:43]
4. Lack of tranquility (at-tamaneenah) within the salaat.
This is generally done out of ignorance and it is an open sin because tranquility is a pillar (rukn) of the salaah without which the salaah is incorrect.
The hadeeth about the man who performed his salaah badly is a clear evidence for this. The meaning of tamaneenah (tranquility) is that the one praying is tranquil in the rukoo (bending), standing (itidaal), prostration (sujood), and sitting between the two prostrations (juloos), and he should get in position where every bone settles into place, he should not hasten between portions of the prayer until he has attained tranquility in it and gives each its due time.
The Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) said to the one who was rushing through his salaah without observing the proper tranquility: Go back and make salaah because you have not made the salaah.
And in the hadeeth of Rifaaah on the story of the one who prayed badly it goes on: Then he makes takbeer and bows and puts his hands on his knees until each joint is settled and relaxed. Then he says samiallahu liman hamida (Allah hears the one who praises Him) then stands up straight until each bone is in its place.
5. Lack of proper reverence and humility (khushoo) in the salaat and excess movement therein.
The place of khushoo is in the heart and it is evident in the tranquility of the limbs and humility before Allah.
Allah has indeed praised His slave by His statement: Those who offer their salaah with all solemnity and full submissiveness. [Al-Quraan 23:2]
As well [He has praised] the prophets by his statement: Verily they used to hasten on to do good deeds and they used to call upon Us with hope and fear, and used to humble themselves before Us. [Al-Quraan 21:90]
It is incumbent. The limbs of the slave in prayer should be still and his heart should be solemn until he may be rewarded for his salaah.
It is narrated on the authority of Ammaar Ibn Yaasir (radiallahu anhu) he said: I heard the messenger of Allah (sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) saying: Verily a man leaves after completing his prayer and nothing has been written for him except a tenth of his salaah, a ninth, an eighth, a sixth, a fifth, a fourth, a third, or half of it. [Abu Dawood, An-Nisaai, and others and it is an authentic hadeeth]
The reason for the shortcoming in its reward is the lack of khushoo in the heart of the one who prays or in the limbs.
to be continued...Insha Allah
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